催化材料对病毒的吸附和灭活作用及对哺乳动物细胞的毒性

 提出了以吸附和催化原理灭活病毒的设想，旨在开发出对病毒有过滤、吸附及灭活作用的高效非特异性催化材料，应用于各种防护设施，有效控制非典型肺炎（SARS）的传播．采用与SARS病毒相似的副流感病毒作为模拟对象，进行了吸附及灭活该病毒的催化材料研究，并考察了催化材料对哺乳动物细胞的毒性．结果表明，病毒气溶胶的阻留及吸附结果与基于DNA吸附的色谱分析结果相一致；部分材料可以强烈地吸附病毒（100％），甚至在强烈振荡下并洗脱至第3次，病毒也不能脱附；一些材料不仅可以吸附病毒，而且强烈振荡后的洗脱液虽然表现出一定的血凝效价，但接种鸡胚后，病毒并不增殖，说明材料具有明显的催化病毒灭活性能；对细胞毒性极低的材料可以用在与人体接触的防护材料和设施中．筛选出的性能优异的催化材料，拟进一步考察其对SARS病毒的灭活作用．     

Thermal decomposition of struvite

Struvite (NH₄MgPO₄·6H₂O) is a mineral often found in urinary tracts and kidneys. Thermal decomposition using slow low heating shows that the 'kidney' stone can be decomposed at temperatures below 40°C. At this temperature both ammonia and water are evolved. If more rapid heating is employed the decomposition occurs at around 80°C. The implication of this work rests with the use of low slow heat for the decomposition of the kidney stones. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Regeneration of kidney tissue using in vitro cultured fetal kidney cells

Transplanting fetal kidney cells (FKCs) can regenerate kidney. This requires in vitro expansion in cell number to acquire enough cells for transplantation. However, FKCs may change their cellular characteristics during expansion and, thus, may not regenerate kidney tissue upon transplantation. We investigated how cell culture period affects cellular characteristics and in vivo regenerative potential of FKCs. As the passage number increased, cell growth rate and colony forming ability decreased while senescence and apoptosis increased. To examine in vivo regenerative potential, FKCs cultured through different numbers of passages were implanted into the parenchyma of kidneys of immunodeficient mice using fibrin gel for 4 wk. Histological analyses showed passage-dependent kidney tissue regeneration, and the regeneration was better when cells from lower number of passages were implanted. This result shows that in vitro culture of FKCs significantly affects the cell characteristics and in vivo tissue regenerative potential.     

急性脑梗死介入治疗术后护理

总结了15例急性脑梗死患者动脉介入治疗术后的护理体会,阐述了术后在心理护理、呼吸道护理、持续抗凝治疗、防止脑出血以及出院指导、康复锻炼等方面所采取的措施,这些是预防重要并发症发生,使患者顺利康复的重要因素。     

Kaurenoic acid extracted from Sphagneticola trilobata reduces acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity through inhibition of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in mice

Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a widely used analgesic and antipyretic drug that is safe at therapeutic doses. However, acetaminophen overdose can be fatal. Currently, the only treatment available is the N-acetyl cysteine. The diterpene kaurenoic acid (ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid, KA) is the major constituent of Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski. KA presents anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive and antioxidant properties. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of KA in a model of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. KA increased, in a dose-dependent manner, the survival rate after acetaminophen overdose. KA reduced acetaminophen-induced hepatic necrosis and ALT and AST levels. KA decreased acetaminophen-induced neutrophil and macrophage recruitment, oxidative stress and the production of IL-33, TNF-α and IL-1β, alongside with normalisation of IL-10 levels in the liver. Therefore, KA showed preclinical efficacy in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and lethality.     

Congmujingnosides B-G,triterpene saponins from the stem of Aralia chinensis and their protective effects against H2O2-induced myocardial cell injury

Phytochemical investigation of the stem of Aralia chinensis yielded six new oleanane-type triterpene saponins named as congmujingnosides B-G (1–6). The new ones were elucidated on the basis of the chemical and spectroscopic analysis. Protective effects of compounds 1?6 were tested against H₂O₂-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury, and the data showed that compounds 1 and 5 had significant cell-protective effects. No significant DPPH radical scavenging activity was observed for compounds 1?6.     

Four new dammarane-type triterpenes derivatives from hydrolyzate of total Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins and their bioactivities

Phytochemical investigation of hydrolysate of total G. pentaphyllum saponins led to the isolation of four novel triterpenes, Gypensapogenin U (1), Gypensapogenin V (2), Gypensapogenin W (3) and Gypensapogenin X (4). The structures of these compounds were identified by 1D, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS evidences. Additionally, the protective activity of these new compounds against cardiomyocytes injury induced by H₂O₂ and their cytotoxic activity against t-HSC/Cl-6 cells were evaluated.     

轿车冲撞行人过程的力学分析

通过建立力学模型,分析轿车冲撞行人的力学过程,对此进行了计算和讨论,进而得到与实验结果相吻合的使行人发生倒立时轿车车速的临界值.并提供了一种有效估算临界车速的方法.     

An analytical poroelastic model for laboratorial mechanical testing of the articular cartilage (AC)

The articular cartilage (AC) can be seen as a biphasic poroelastic material. The cartilage deformation under compression mainly leads to an interstitial fluid flow in the porous solid phase. In this paper, an analytical poroelastic model for the AC under laboratorial mechanical testing is developed. The solutions of interstitial fluid pressure and velocity are obtained. The results show the following facts. (i) Both the pressure and fluid velocity amplitudes are proportional to the strain loading amplitude. (ii) Both the amplitudes of pore fluid pressure and velocity in the AC depend more on the loading amplitude than on the frequency. Thus, in order to obtain the considerable fluid stimulus for the AC cell responses, the most effective way is to increase the loading amplitude rather than the frequency. (iii) Both the interstitial fluid pressure and velocity are strongly affected by permeability variations. This model can be used in experimental tests of the parameters of AC or other poroelastic materials, and in research of mechanotransduction and injury mechanism involved interstitial fluid flow.     

急性心肌梗死患者D-二聚体、cTnT及心肌酶谱联合检测的临床意义

为探讨急性心肌梗死患者D-二聚体、肌钙蛋白及心肌酶谱联合检测的临床意义,选择30例健康者（对照组）和100例患者（病例组）进行D-二聚体、肌钙蛋白及心肌酶谱（AST、LDH、CK、CK-MB）检测,并把100例患者（病例组）分为3组,分别为36例AMI组,34例不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）组,30例稳定型心绞痛（SAP）组。结果表明,AMI组及UAP组中D-二聚体、肌钙蛋白及心肌酶谱（AST、LDH、CK、CK—MB）的升高程度较SAP组和健康对照组显著增高（P〈0．05）;AMI组肌钙蛋白（cTnT）较UAP组明显增高（P〈0．05）;UAP组肌钙蛋白（cTnT）较对照组明显增高（P〈0．05）;D-二聚体、肌钙蛋白及心肌酶谱（AST、LDH、CK、CK—MB）的升高程度与心肌梗死的面积正相关（P〈0．01）。提示D-二聚体、肌钙蛋白及心肌酶谱（AST、LDH、CK、CK—MB）联合检测有助于急性心肌梗死诊断的提高。